▶ Topic : TLPs RC Numerous astronomers over the years have reported seeing brief changes in the color or brightness of small areas of the Moon from time to time. Known as transient lunar phenomena, or TLPs, the cause of these events is the subject of a number of interesting and plausible hypotheses. One possibility is that clouds of lunar gas are causing the phenomena. Many researchers believe that gases beneath the surface of the Moon are occasionally expelled into the thin lunar atmosphere. The resulting gas clouds are visible from Earth as reddish or white hues. This theory is consistent with the fact that most TLPs are seen in the vicinity of craters with large fractures, where the gas would be able to escape to the surface. In fact, a probe sent by NASA to the Moon detected the emission of radon gas in the vicinity of Aristarchus, a lunar crater where many TLPS have been observed. Next, some experts believe that TLPs are illuminated clouds of dust floating above the lunar landscape. They posit that particles from space strike the Moon's surface, causing lunar dust to levitate above the ground. Light is then reflected off the suspended dust, creating glows that are visible from Earth. A third theory holds that TLPs are caused by solar radiation. Occasionally, magnetic storms on the Sun's surface release intense burst of radiation called solar flares, and it is argued that these flares can illuminate portions of the Moon's surface. Many astronomers have reported a greater incidence of TLPs during the peak of the solar cycle when the highest number of flares is emitted. a fact that strongly supports the solar flare hypothesis. LC As you know, transient lunar phenomena are a pretty hot topic these days. Now, you've read some theories about what's behind TLPs, but do any of these ideas really explain why these events occur? Unfortunately, I think the answer is a clear "no." One important point I'd like to make is that gases are unlikely to be responsible for TLPs. For one thing, it's almost certainly a coincidence that most TLPs are observed near lunar crates where gases leak out. You see, as those crates are the most frequently observed features of the Moon, it's no wonder that most TLPs are seen near them. And what about the probe that detected radon gas near a TLP site? Well, it's not actually known how much gas was being emitted there. It may have been only a small amount of gas that couldn't be seen from Earth. As for that TLPs are caused by dust, there just isn't any evidence for that. In order to be visible from Earth, dust clouds would have to be very, very large... huge dust storms, essentially. But there's never been any real indication that such storms occur on the Moon. In fact, we've got solid evidence that there's actually very little dust floating around. Specifically, uh, Apollo astronauts who walked on the Moon reported that flat rock surfaces were almost completely free of fine dust particles. Let's move on to the solar flare theory. This was a popular idea for a while, but it turns out that it was based on insufficient data. A recent study collected the dates of all observed TLPs and then systematically compared them with the dates of solar flares, and the results were surprising... sometimes they matched up, but more often they didn't. There was actually no correlation at all between TLPs and solar flares. |
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▶ Your Answer : In this given set of materials, there is some discrepancy between the views of the lecturer and the author over the issue of TLPs which mean color changes in the short period of time or small areas' brightness in the Moon. With three cogent explanations, the lecturer raises objections to the plausible causes of TLPs presented in the passage. To start with, the lecturer debunks the author's first conjecture since it is not based on facts. To elaborate in detail, the lecturer claims that lots of craters in the Moon make a role in representing lightness of the Moon, not the gases in there. Moreover, lunar gases are present only little so they may not be the cause of TLPs. This view is in direct opposition to the author's claim that gas clouds in the Moon resulted in this situation. In addition, the lecturer also indicates dissent over the author's idea on TLPs . The lecturer sounds convinced that the author is making a manifest error about the possible repercussions of dust clouds since the dust rarely brings about the TLPs because there are little amounts of dust in the Moon. Therefore, it is not able to evoke this phenomena. However, the author clarifies that cloud dust floating above the Moon is TLPs. Thirdly, the lecturer goes on to expound that the author's final point on solar radiation's influence is flawed. To corroborate this opinion, the lecturer mentions that the evidence to support the solar radiation is insufficient. For example, the correlation between solar cycle and the incidence of TLPs often does not match. However, this counters the author's theory that solar radiation provokes the TLPs situation. Therefore, with these three convincing explanations the lecturer posits, the author's assumptions are all rendered invalid.
Good (28–30)
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