▶ Your Answer : The reading passage contends that the cause of the Hohokam civilization's disintegration can be fully explained by three theories. On the other hand, the lecturer brings up several key issues that contradict this argument. First, the lecturer maintains that floods do not seem likely the cause of disintegration. This is because floodings were common at that region. In addition, they recovered from several devastating floods before. Furthermore, they were able to handle floodings by canals. Hence, it is doubtful that the Hohokam collapsed by devasating flooding. This rebuffs the reading passage's claim that the Hohokam were forced to relocate due to devastating floods. Next, the speaker asserts that the collapse of the Hohokam was not resulted from a epidemic. Spain explorer came to America after the Hohokam people disappeared, and the evidence for diseases was not discovered at any area. So, it is hard to say that the demise of the Hohokam is caused by diseases. This refutes the reading passage's point that a deadly epidemic caused Hohokam society's collapse. Finally, the lecturer argues that it is highly doubful to say the reason for the Hohokam civilization's disintegration is internal conflict. There was no ruling class at the Hohokam society because tumbs for the ruling class have not been discovered. In addition, oral histories are usually not reliable at all. Therefore, it is hard to imagine that the Hohokam civilization was disappeared by internal conflict. This contradicts the reading passage's claim that internal conflict made the Hohokam civilization be disintegrated. |