Task3: Sculpture Courses to be Discontinued
University administrators announced yesterday that the sculpture program, a division of the art department, will be eliminated. “The main reason is a lack of student interest,” reported one administrator. “Although the number of art students has increased, fewer and fewer art major s are taking sculpture classes.” Furthermore, the department’s only sculpture professor is retiring this year. “Given the art department’s limited budget, the administrator explained, “It just doesn’t make sense to hire a new full-time professor to teacher sculpture for only a handful of students.”
Task4: Behavior Modification
Individuals often modify their behavior based on what they have learned about the possible consequences of their actions. When an individual learns through experience that a certain behavior results in pleasant consequences, that behavior is likely to be repeated. An unpleasant consequence, on the other hand, discourages further repetition of the behavior. While behavior modification can be observed in experiments, it also occurs frequently in everyday settings, when individuals change their behavior based on what they have learned about the consequences of that behavior.
- task3.m4a (410.6KB) (14)
- task3 listening.m4a (574.5KB) (3)
- task 4.m4a (472.6KB) (8)
- task 4 listening.m4a (600.5KB) (5)