■ Direction You have 20 minutes to plan and write your response. You response will be judge on the basis of The quality of writing and on how well your response presents the points in the lecture and the relationship to the reading passage. Typically, an effective response will be 150 to 225 words. ■ Question Summarize the points made in the lecture you just heard, explaining how they cast doubt on the points made in the reading
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▶ Topic : 읽기지문: Prairie dogs are small members of the squirrel family that live in the open grasslands of the western United States. They are not actually dogs, but were given that name because of the barking sounds they make. As the population of prairie dogs declines, many conservationists claim that they should be protected. However, they should actually be exterminated because they are harmful in several ways. First, prairie dogs dig and live in holes called burrows that damage the land. When they dig their holes, the soil in the surrounding area becomes less stable, making erosion more likely to occur when it rains. As the land erodes, fertile topsoil is lost and it becomes difficult for plants to grow. This is a significant hardship for farmers in regions that have been infested by prairie dogs. Next, prairie dogs infect people with a fatal disease. Since prairie dogs have a particularly low resistance to bubonic plague, a large number of them carry this disease. Moreover, they have been observed to bite people when they feel threatened, and if a person is bitten by an infected animal, he or she could become seriously ill. In fact, if a person exposed to this disease does not receive treatment within 24 hours, death is unavoidable. Last, prairie dogs have a negative effect on the food supply for livestock. Ranchers typically feed their cattle by allowing them to graze in open grasslands. However, prairie dogs are known to consume up to 90 percent of the vegetation in some places. The result is that ranchers are forced to purchase food to meet the nutritional needs of their livestock, greatly reducing their profits.
듣기 지문: For many years, prairie dogs have been a source of, uh, controversy in the Great Plains region of the United States. Now, the reading passage presented a few claims in favor of the position that prairie dogs are harmful nuisances that should be eliminated. However, the claims you read have serious issues. The first thing I want to point out is that prairie dog burrows do not harm the land. These holes are often blamed for making the soil unstable, leading to erosion . . . What they actually do though, is prevent this problem. Keep in mind that erosion occurs when rainwater runs over the surface of the land, carrying away soil particles with it. But when prairie dogs dig their burrows, the soil becomes looser, and it allows the water to more easily penetrate the ground. You know, this significantly reduces the chance of erosion. You may have also heard that these animals spread a deadly disease to people, but this is very unlikely. Statistics show that most often it’s other rodents, like rats, that transmit plague to humans . . . So exterminating prairie dogs isn’t going to protect people from this disease. Also, prairie dogs are pretty good at avoiding people, so they have almost no physical contact with humans. This means that killing wild prairie dogs is completely unnecessary. Let me conclude with this: contrary to what some ranchers say, prairie dogs do not negatively affect the food available for livestock. In fact, they increase the nutritional value of many of the plants eaten by cattle. When prairie dogs clip the tops off plants, it encourages growth of new shoots and leaves that are more nutritious than the old ones. So it’s no surprise that most ranchers actually prefer that their cattle graze on land inhabited by prairie dogs due to the higher nutritional content of the plants there. | |
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In the given materials, there are some disagrements between the views of the
lecturer and author over the issue of whether prairie dogs have a negative effect
on people. The professor in the lecture questions the three points mentioned in
the reading by articulating his reasons.
To start with, the lecturer argues that the presence of prairie dogs is
widespread in USA, and as a matter of fact, there is no wonder that the land
which prairie dogs dig is so unstable that people in the land get into a
dangerous situation like an erosion. In contrast, the activities of prairie dogs are
helpful for making stable soil in the land. Moreover, it firmly is believed that the
hole digged by them can make soil more penetratable, due to these reason, the
chance of to get damaged in monsoon rain period is declined. In this point, this
view casts doubt on the author's claim that prairie dogs dig and live in holes
called burrows that damage the land.
Also, the professor in the lecture contends that prairie dogs do not infect
people with a plague disease, and articulating that the reason why people get
infected is because of rodents like mice. the existence of prairie dogs make
people avoiding infection by catching the rodents mentioned above. Non only
that, because the approaching between prairie dogs and people is extremely rare
today, so it is totally a pointless assertion suggested by author in the passage.
Thus, this contradicts the reading's conjecture that prairie dogs infect people
with a fatal disease
Finally, according to the lecture, prairie dogs actually do not have a negative
effect on the food supply for livestock. In fact, the defecation of them is helpful
for growing of the food supply of livestock insteadly, and prairie dogs also can
digest the dung of people's livestock effectively, it exactly counters the author's
view that prairie dogs have a negative effect on the food supply for livestock.
상자 안에 넣으니 글자가 이상하게 나와 이렇게 올려드립니다.
감사합니다! :) 더운 날 복 받으세요 정말 감사합니다.