▶ Your Answer : In the reading passage, there is ample support for the author's claim that there are less evidences that can prove the Amazon has advanced cultures. However, the professor in the lecture gives several reasons as a rebuttal to the author's point. First, the professor contends that the image printing Amazon shows that it had conditions to be a advanced civilization. In the picture, There was roads and canals that make people interact each other and cooperate together. This might have been a major role to build civilization being advanced. This casts doubt on the author's claim that it is hard to say that there was a large and developed culture in the Amazon due to lack of facilities to interconnect them. Next, the professor insists that we could find a intricate artifacts that proves the advacement of the Amazon. Potteries and vessels that have been founded in the region are well-made and this type of artifacts are often observed in developed civilization. This counters the reading passage's assertion that heirlooms that are not sophisticated are the proof of Amazon's underdeveloped civilization.
Finally, the professor argues that there was large city in the Amazon. Because the area of the Amazon is enormous, It was not easy to find a large community that accounted for the advancement. However, big city was, in turn, founded in mid 19th. This refutes the reading passage's suggestion that absence of big community in the Amazon tells us that there is no advanced civilization in the area. |