▶ Your Answer : The reading passage contends that chimpanzees have beneficial skills about linguistics as much as human do. On the other hand, the lecturer brings up several points that contradict this argument. First, the speakers argues that chimpanzees have just basic simple learning, so they are able to speak only to repeat a trained behavior. Also, they are treated for correct symbols and that is generally conditioned response. This casts doubt on the reading passage’s claim is that chimpanzees can learn new symbols and plus, they can memorize symbols and use them freely through response to visible cues. Second, according to the lecturer, ordinary humans can use over the one hundred different sounds. However, vocal organs of chimpanzees are poorly advanced. The lecturer gives an example of birds to explain this more. This is because birds can communicate vocally so much as chimps, but birds are not the same as human beings. In other words, chimpanzees are just the same case. This counters the reading passage’s arguments is that chimpanzees has oral skills. In this sense, they produce meaningful sounds such as grunts to something. The researchers found a link that chimps grunt different sound when they find different foods. That means, chimps has a special oral skills. The final point made by the lecturer is that chimpanzees has limited to make structure and length of the sentences. They make some mistakes. On the other hand, human can use infinite sentences and they create numerous length sentences greatly. This refutes the reading passage’s assertion is that chimpanzees are possible to form sentences. Thus, they can learnt to combine the signs and make sentences of up to seven words. |