▶ Your Answer :
In this given set of information, there is some discrepancy between the views
of the lecturer from the listening and the author from the reading passage over
the issue of characteristics of Bonobos and Chimpanzees. With three cogent explanations,
the lecturer raises objections to the peaceful nature of Bonobos over
chimpanzees presented in the reading passage.
First of all, the lecturer debunks
the author’s first conjecture since it is disputable whether the animals’
behavior in captivity reveals the reality. To elaborate in detail, the lecturer
mentions a report from Congo that scientists have witnessed wild bonobos throwing
sticks toward one another and fighting, which reflects bonobos’ violence. This
view is diametrically opposed to the author’s idea that Bonobos are gentle to
each other, as well as to their captors while Chimpanzees are aggressive as
they bare their teeth and destroy their cages in captivity.
In addition, the lecturer also indicates
dissent over their behavior toward young members. The lecture sounds convinced that
the author is making a manifest error about the actual cause of the animals’ behaviors.
The lecturer points out that bonobos are not attacking the young members not because
they are decline creatures, but because those young bonobos are always accompanied
by their parents. Young chimpanzees are simply more vulnerable than bonobos as
they are accessible to other adult chimpanzees. However, the author clarifies
that chimpanzees are more violent than bonobos since chimpanzees attack young more
often and even kill the offspring of other chimpanzees while adult bonobos have
affectionate interaction with young bonobos.
Thirdly, the lecturer goes on to
expound that the author’s final point on the correlation between the animal’s
nature and diet is flawed. The lecturer explains that chimpanzees actually prefer
fruits over meat, but less fruits are available in their environment. They end
up involve meat in their diet in order to survive. On the other hand, the
author asserts that chimpanzees are more aggressive than bonobos because they
are carnivores. He asserts that bonobos spend their time foraging in trees
rather than hunting other animals, and thus less likely to fight over one
another.
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