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In the reading's passage, there is an ample support for the author's claim that the concept of highly civilized Amazon society is suspicious. However, the professor in the lecture gives several reasons as a rebuttal to the author's point.
First, the professor contends that well organized infrastructures such as road and canal were found by satellite in Amazon although there was dense vegetation. This indicates that people in Amazon were connected and they formed a town. In addition, they cooperated to build a city. This casts doubt on the reading passage's claim that a civilized society could not be formed under jungle due to lack of interaction.
Next, the professor insists that plenty of intricate pottery were discovered. In the Island near Amazon river, ceramic vessels and vase were found, which required great amount of sophisticated work. Only in highly civilized society could be done this. This counters the reading passage's assertion that a lot of unsophisticated remains were found.
Finally, the professor argues that it is too difficult for explorers to find Amazon civilization because of its broadness. Furthermore, jungle covers the city commonly. This makes it hard to locate a society. For example, Cambodia was once covered by jungle. It was not until mid 19 century that French discovered Cambodia. This refutes the reading passage's suggestion that highly developed Amazon city were not found by European.