▶ Your Answer : In this given set of materials, both the lecture and the reading deal with the domestication of dogs. The lecturer challenges the reading passage's argument that there are three theories that is related to the domestication of dog. First of all, the reading states that dogs were evolved from wolves that was trained as hunting companions. The ancient people took in wolf pups and trained them to help hunting. Over many generations, wovles developed some traits, such as loyalty and friendliness. On the other hand, the speaker contedns that the reading's argument is logically flawed. The reason for this is that while human usually set traps, wolves chase down their pray. This difference made the hunting more difficult. Furthermore, as wolves are aggressive when they get older, it was impossible to train them.
Secondly, the aticle argues that dogs were domesticated 16,000 years ago. Researcher found this by measuring the difference of DNA in modern dogs and calculating the rate at which dpg's DNA mutate. In contrast, the speaker contends that the idea that dogs were domesticated 16,000 years ago is erroneous. The footprints of boy and dog were found in a cave, which was estimated as 26,000 years ago. Accodingly, it shows that dogs were domesticated earlier than 16,000 years ago.
Finally, the author goes on to say that dogs were domesticated in China and spread to other areas. By comparing genetic information in present dogs, researchers found that there is a highest gentic diversity in dogs from china. This means that dogs first emerged there. However, the professor contends that the notion that dogs were first domesticated in China does not make sense. The reason for this is that dog's fossils were found around the world, such as Europe, North America and Middle East and their DNA are consistent with recent dog's. As a result, there are four distinct ancestors from different locations.
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