▶ Your Answer :
The reading passage contends that Amazon do
not have a large and advanced civilization. On the other hand, the lecture
brings up several points that contradict this argument.
First, the speaker argues that there is a
positive sign for highly developed society. Recently, the researchers found
ancient roads and canals in satellite images of the Amazon. This means that
there were large towns, villages and a lot of people who use it. And many
people could cooperate effort to build a huge organized society. This casts
doubt on the reading passage’s claim that dense jungle inhibited the formation
of a large civilization.
Second, according to the lecturer, uncovered
few tools cannot indicate that the Amazon had rudimentary skills to produce in and
unorganized society. Actually, elaborated potteries are founded in an island
nearby the Amazon river. Considering a high level of technology of the vessels,
it is hard to say that the Amazon had lack of sophistication and primitive state
of toolmaking. This refutes the reading passage’s assertion that discovered simple
items do not present that Amazon did not build a highly developed society.
The final point made by the lecture is that it is
unlikely that European expeditions were the evidence of lack of advanced society
in the Amazon. The Amazon rain forest is too vast to investigate. Therefore, European
expeditions could not find all regions of the Amazon. In addition, in Cambodia,
a huge, highly developed civilization was found in the thick jungle. Thus,
large society which is not founded yet could be in the Amazon. This counters
the reading passage’s argument that there are no advanced society in the Amazon
because no expeditions found it.
Good (24–30)
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