▶ Your Answer :
The reading passage claims that Antlers' function has been uncovered. On the other hand, the lecturer brings up several points that contradict the reading passage that functions of the antlers are wrong.
First, the lecturer asserts that the antlers are not a vital role for mating. When a male deer look for a mate, he usually uses other methods such as vocalization and body posture. Also, there is a study which is that even though a deer has a small antler, he can find a mate. This counters the reading passage's claim that when attracting mates, deers use antlers. To be specific, the winner of the competition between males dominate the female.
Second, the lecturer claims that they do not mark the territory using antlers. Instead, they use a smelly scent from some glands which can be easily detected to male deers. This refutes the reading passage's claim that when deers want to warn to others, they mark the territory that they control such as peeling the bark and creating a mark on trees.
Third, the lecturer maintains that deers do not use antlers to defend themselves against predators. If they protect themselves using antlers, they have to have them year-round. However, antlers shade away in winter. Moreover, when female deer protect their offspring, they need antlers. However, most female deer do not have it. This casts doubt on the reading passage's claim that when a predator comes to them, deers could defend themselves in order to kick out the attackers. Therefore, they can protect their head and neck.
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